The Afghan Interior Ministry on Friday said gunmen shot and killed the director of the Government Information Media Center.
The assassination comes amid heightened tensions in Afghanistan as fighting between the Taliban and government forces escalates.
"Unfortunately, the savage terrorists have committed a cowardly act once again and martyred a patriotic Afghan," Interior Ministry spokesman Mirwais Stanikzai said of the death of Dawa Khan Menapal.
"He [Menapal] was a young man who stood like a mountain in the face of enemy propaganda, and who was always a major supporter of the [Afghan] regime," Stanikzai said.
An official said Menapal was killed during Friday prayers.
Taliban carried out a 'special attack'
Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid said Menapal "was killed in a special attack" by the group's militants and was "punished to his deeds.''
The assassination came after the Taliban carried out a bomb-and-gun attack targeting the Afghan defense minister's houseon Tuesday.
Afghanistan's long-running conflict between the government and the Taliban has intensified since foreign troops began their withdrawal from the country in May.
The Taliban have since seized control of most of rural Afghanistan. They are now threatening Kabul, which has been spared the violence until earlier this week.
US and Afghan forces recently increased airstrikes targeting the Taliban in a bid to push the group back. The Taliban said Tuesday's attack was just the beginning of "retaliatory" attacks against Afghan officials.